The design is a 3branch coupler equivalent to two 3 db 90 hybrid couplers connected in cascade. The meandered transmission line sections at each of the ports constitute balun circuits for single ended measurements. The reverse travelling wave goes into port 2 and out of port 1. Feb 12, 2017 design of a 3 db branch line coupler in hfss. Structure of a branchline coupler the geometry of a branchline coupler is shown in.
An ideal branch line crossover theoretically has no coupling between the two paths through it. The remainder of the power is passed through to the output port pin 2. The design procedures of the proposed branch line hybrid coupler can be summarized as follows. The branchline the simplest type of quadrature coupler, since the circuitry is entirely planar. The method is based on the usage of equivalent subcircuits input reactances of the evenmode and oddmode excitations. Design of 10 db 90 branch line coupler using microstrip line. Design directional couplers for highpower applications. Structure of a branch line coupler the geometry of a branch line coupler is shown in. Pdf in this paper, new proposed compact 3db branchline coupler blc is designed and implemented using coupled line unit cells, that. Scattering parameters of the differentialmode branch line directional coupler excited with ideal balus a, baluns realized with halfwavelong transmission line b.
Branchline coupler calculator online branchline coupler. This paper considers bandbroadening design methods for branchline and ratrace hybrids such as 90 and 180degree hybrids. For the 90degree hybrid, utilizing external matching networks composed of coupledtransmission lines, broadband characteristics with a relative bandwidth of over 40% can be obtained for a 3db hybrid designed for operation at 3ghz based on the. Compact planar microstrip line branchline and ratrace coupler article pdf available in ieee transactions on microwave theory and techniques 5110. Mega offers a variety of waveguide coupler configurations, available in a variety of sizes.
Branch line coupler, dual line, miniaturization, tshape transmission line tl, wideband 1. Design of wideband branch line coupler in the gfrequency band. In this paper, microwave element is designed using the concept of split ring resonator. Pdf design of new compact branchline coupler using coupled. A new miniaturized microstrip branchline coupler with wide. In the reflective type phase shifter, the branch line coupler and the matching transmission line has a dimension of quarter wave length by quarter wave length at the centre frequency. Couplers dividers branch line coupler wilkinson coupler modified wilkinson coupler ratrace coupler gain block low noise amplifier oscillator 3. Design of triband coupler and wideband phase shifter by anuradhaahlawat. The branch line coupler blc is the most common among different types of planar couplers, due to its simple design and easy integration with other circuits. Pdf a compact and wideband branch line coupler is designed that covers all the navigation bands starting form xx ghz to yy ghz. Design methods for broadband 3db branchline and ratrace.
The size of the proposed circuit is reduced about 78% in compared with the conventional branch line coupler. So, lets take a look at a particular coupler that is able to provide us with a plus or minus 90degree phase shift and also split our signal into two pieces. Frankfurt university of applied sciences faculty 2. Its called the branch line coupler and it is shown here.
Very popular approach in obtaining the dualband opera tion of the branchline coupler is based on the use of stub lines. The branchline coupler blc is a fundamental component in planar microwaveintegrated. Autoplay when autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will automatically play next. Based on the similar idea, mondal and chakrabarty presented a branch line coupler, which has the properties of 42% size reduction at 2. Pdf design of a compact and wideband branchline coupler using. Pdf design of compact branchline hybrid coupler with. Design of dualband two branch line couplers with arbitrary coupling coefficients in bands ivan prudyus, valeriy oborzhytskyy institute of telecommunications, radioelectronics and electronic devices, lviv polytechnic national university, st. Design of branch line coupler loaded capacitively with. The broadband branchline coupler is designed in stripline technology which has two conductors and a homogeneous.
A signal applied to port 1 is split into ports 2 and 3 with one of the outputs exhibiting a relative 90 phase shift. Design of bandpass filter using branch line directional coupler azeemuddin shaik, vinoy k. Oct 12, 2000 the authors present a 10 db 90 branch line coupler operating at 1. This simulation was run on a nexus 7 with android 6.
A branch line coupler was designed for a center frequency of 5 ghz with an equal power split between the i and q ports. Luca piazzon, paul saad, student member, ieee, paolo colantonio, franco giannini. But, how do we design a coupled line coupler with a. A branch line coupler outputs from the coupled port pin 3 a fraction of the power presented at the input pin 1.
In this paper, a novel approach to the design of the branch line directional coupler has been shown. Learning and analytics in intelligent systems, vol 4. Branch line coupler and phase shifter are widely used passive components in rf and microwave communication systems. As it can be seen from the figure, it has a symmetrical four port. Since the coupler is a lossless passive element, the sum of the signals power at ports 1 and 2 equals to the input signal power. This directional coupler with appropriate loading is a twoport network. Improvement of the bandwidth and scattering parameter. From time to time we have a limited number of additional castings not listed in our catalog. This technique is employed to reduce the dimensions of coupler. Sometimes, we may need the output signals to have different phases as well as being equal in amplitude. The concept of implicit space mapping for design optimization was presented.
Because of these large electrical lengths of the transmission line elements, the conventional branch line hybrids and. Waveguide couplers are used for power monitoring, signal mixing, signal sampling, and branch line feeding. Design of miniaturized 10 db wideband branch line coupler. Abstractnovel design equations are proposed for the 3db microstrip branch line coupler with a wide passband, utilizing multisectional branch lines. These parameters are related to the original sparameters by the following relationships. Geometry of branch line coupler the geometry of the branchline coupler is shown in fig 4. Design and development of branch line coupler using split. Owing to the additional effective inductance of the dgs, the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is increased for the same width of conductor. Design method for quasioptimal multiband branchline couplers. The design consists of one single layer with implementation of two stubs and two slots to maintain the performance of the coupler. Branch line couplers also named as quadrature hybrid are often made in microstrip or stripline form.
A new miniaturized microstrip branchline coupler with. The coupledline couplerif our design rules are followedresults in an ideal directional coupler. Its scattering matrix ideally has the symmetric solution for a matched. Design of a branch line microstrip coupler using spirals and step impedance cells for wimax applications branch line microstrip coupler is designed and fabricated in this paper. This paper presents a design mechanism of miniaturized wideband branch line coupler blc with loose coupling of 10 db. Design of triband coupler and wideband phase shifter. Design and simulation of microstrip branch line coupler. The operational frequency of the presented branch line coupler is 0. This article presents a novel design of compact branch line hybrid coupler with folded lines technique and tshaped structure. But, how do we design a coupledline coupler with a specific coupling coefficient c.
The quadrature 90 hybrid branchline coupler coupled line directional couplers even and oddmode z 0, singlesection and multisection coupled line couplers the lange coupler the 180 hybrid ratrace hybrid, tapered coupled line hybrid other couplers reflectometer power dividers and directional couplers. Introduction microwave couplers are crucial devices and are used in many microwave subsystems, such as power amplifiers, phase shifter, modulators and power divider and so on 14. In this branch line coupler is loaded with ring resonator structure to reduce overall size than conventional element and to have excellent stop band. Every effort is made to fill all the orders in a timely manner or reply with an availability status or delivery date. Pdf compact planar microstrip line branchline and ratrace. Therefore, the ability of couplers to produce arbitrary coupling level is of recent interest. Branchline coupler design operating in four arbitrary frequencies.
Designing of tri band coupler and wideband phase shifter starting in may 2016. To verify the design and analysis, the proposed coupler is simulated using fullwave em simulator advanced design system and fabricated. It is the attention to design detail, execution of the design, and quality of the fabrication which leads to a high performance component. Below we present a lumpedelement quadrature coupler which was optimized to work at 100 mhz. The branch line hybrid coupler figure 1 shows the branch line quadrature hybrid, composed of four. Pdf design and development of branch line coupler using. Design of a 3 db branch line coupler in hfss youtube. A branchline coupler is made by two main transmission lines shuntconnected by two secondary. Design of microwave hybrid couplers using intercoupled resonators by shani lu a thesis submitted to the university of birmingham for the degree of master of philosophy school of electronic, electrical and computer engineering the university of. Microwave power dividers and couplers tutorial overview and definition of terms power dividers and couplers are straightforward passive components. A lumped hybrid coupler such as this may be used in iq modulators and demodulators,in balanced amplifiers for vswr improvement at the input and to increase output power at the output, in singleended mixer design, and other circuits. Transmission line and lumped element quadrature couplers.
If the input is port 1, then the through port is port 2, the coupled port is port 3, and the isolation port is port 4. Theoretical analysis and design equations the conventional singleband branch line coupler is composed of four quarterwave transmission lines 28. Hybrid coupler compared to a distributed branch line 3 db coupler designed at the same frequency. Coupled line coupler when coupled line coupler cad simulation coupled line coupler design a 20 db singlesection coupled line coupler in strip line with a ground plane spacing of 0. The advantage of using branch line coupler includes. Branch line coupler is one of the most popular passive circuits used for microwave and millimeter wave applications. Design of bandpass filter using branchline directional coupler. The device can be used for a single antenna transmitterreceiver system or an iq signal splittercombiner.
First port is named as input port, second and third ports are output ports and the fourth port is the isolated port. The objective of this model is to compute the sparameters and to observe the matching, isolation, and. The simulated electromagnetic results were very close to the circuit simulations using discontinuities. The demand for a smaller 90degree hybrid coupler with a broader bandwidth is. Pdf compact planar microstrip line branchline and rat. Oct 12, 2006 the design approach was also applied to the design of a broadband rectangular coaxialtomicrostrip directional coupler. Compact and performance evaluation of branchline hybrid. Directional couplers are invaluable components for measuring the power levels of signals in microwave systems. We will use the fact that in the even mode, the dashed line is an open no current flows through the transmission lines as the signals are in phase.
The various values of the length and width of transmission line are obtained from fig. An ideal branchline crossover theoretically has no coupling between the two paths through it. However, choosing z 1 z 3 gives a maximum bandwidth 10. More advanced tuning can be performed by changing line width of the branch lines. Especially when high power levels are involved, a properly designed directional coupler provides a lowerpower coupled signal that is within the power measurement range of a power meter or spectrum analyzer. The symmetrical coupler bandwidth can be increased by the addition of extra quarterwavelength coupling sections but this maxes out at about 10. In modern microwave circuits there is an increasing. The designed couplers operate in a differential mode and are. Other works that were done in this year include design of fractal shaped branch line couplers by singhania, kumar, dash and pal 16 and design of compact coupled line quadrature hybrid coupler. The exact design formulas for three options of the dualband coupler with different location and number of.
Figure 7 schematic of the lumped coupler with transmission line effects. Hence, the design of the multiband branch line coupler starts from the investigation of a suitable topology to achieve multiband quarterwave transmission lines. At the center frequency the phase difference between the outputs is 90 degrees, with the coupled port representing the quadrature q output and the output. The coupled line coupler if our design rules are followedresults in an ideal directional coupler. Power dividers, couplers and combiners besser associates a webinar presented by dr. Design of fractal shaped branchline coupler request pdf. The use of stub lines is very popular in obtaining the dualband operation of the branchline coupler 912. Alright, lets move on and talk about 90degree divider and combiner. The effects of the change of the cell number located at the branch and through lines on the center frequency and the propagation velocity are. The proposed branch line couplers in which all ports are formed by microstrip line have been constructed in two different configurations depending on the placement of the capacitively loaded fingers. A signal applied to port 1 is split into ports 2 and 3 with one of the. Specifically, the 90 degree hybrid coupler is utilized in the handset infrastructure because it offers lowloss, high isolation, and exceptional phase and amplitude balance. One of the most adopted solutions is based on the replacement of the quarterwave transmission lines of the. Compact wideband quadrature hybrid based on microstrip.
The proposed coupler operates at 3 ghz, which is suitable for wimax applications. The simulated results comparison gave good results and an agreement between ads and cst, which confirms the theory and validates the proposed coupler design. A novel design of branchline coupler 3db microstrip using. Design and optimization of lumped element hybrid couplers. This technique was successfully applied to model a branchline coupler and optimizing its design parameters, with substitution the fine model timeconsuming calculation by the surrogate model, which. Design of miniaturized 10 db wideband branch line coupler using. All the ports of the coupler are matched with z co 50. Design of a branchline microstrip coupler using spirals and. We have split the coupler into two parts, just looking at the top half they are symmetrical. In this paper, a novel design of a dualband planar asymmetric branch line coupler terminated by arbitrary impedances for arbitrary coupling levels is proposed.
A directional couples is a device capable of extracting a part of a signal that travels over a transmission line or waveguide, leaving the rest of power not coupled direct route at the exit. Design of an asymmetric branchline coupler using implicit. The proposed coupler is designed to cover wide band frequency. Schematic diagram of the conventional two sections branch line coupler. A ideal singlebox branchline coupler is shown below. Crosssection of the dielectric structure used for the design of the differentialmode branch line directional coupler. A novel branchline coupler design for dualband applications. While there are only two basic types of coupler design, there are an incredible number of manifestations of these design concepts. For a 20 dbthree sections edge coupled line directional coupler, constructed as a stripline with ground plane, spacing of b3. For general information, refer to display assistant. This article presents the design of enhanced twosection microstripslot branch line coupler blc with tight coupling of 3db over frequency of 25 ghz.
Keysight eesof eda discrete and microstrip coupler design. Design of wide passband microstrip branchline couplers with. The directional couplers are circuits that are essential in many optical communications systems and microwave bands. For the odd mode the dashed line is a virtual ground, or short. It will cross over the inputs to the diagonally opposite outputs with a phase delay of 90 in both lines. Typically, a coupled line coupler schematic is drawn without explicitly showing the ground conductors i. Design of dualband twobranchline couplers with arbitrary. These equations, 4 and 5, can be used to design the two sections branch line coupler with a given coupling coefficient, where z 1 or z 3 can be chosen arbitrarily. Pdf design of wideband branchline coupler in the g. Sep 17, 2016 rf designer for android designing and simulating a microstrip branchline 3 db coupler centered at 4850 mhz with rf designer for android. Design of bandpass filter using branchline directional.
Design of compact microstrip branch line coupler using semi. A branch line coupler is made by two main transmission lines shuntconnected by two secondary branch lines. In this paper, a new branch line hybrid coupler using a meander lines for lte applications is proposed 5,16. Waveguide couplers mega industries, llc waveguide couplers. It has a high degree of symmetry since any port can be used as the input port, with output ports always being on the opposite side of the junction from the input port, and the isolated port remaining on the same side as the input port. We manufacture array, cross guide and branch line couplers for optimum space utilization in a feed system layout. The blc is commonly used for designing tight 3db coupler.
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